Fast-Growing vs. Slow-Growing Plumerias: What to Expect

Plumeria plants are prized for their stunning flowers and tropical beauty, but their growth rates can vary significantly between varieties. Some plumeria cultivars can grow 2+ feet in a single season under optimal conditions, while others may grow only a few inches in the same period. If you’re planning to grow plumeria in your garden or container, understanding the growth habits of different varieties can help you choose the right plant based on your space, timeline, and desired results.

In this article, we’ll compare the growth rates of fast-growing and slow-growing plumeria varieties, discussing the factors that influence growth speed such as variety, climate, and fertilization. Whether you’re an impatient grower looking for rapid results or someone with limited space opting for a slower-growing variety, this guide will help you make an informed decision.

1. Fast-Growing Plumeria Varieties: Quick and Vigorous Growth

Some plumeria varieties are known for their rapid growth, putting on as much as 2 feet or more in a single growing season under ideal conditions. These fast-growing cultivars are often preferred by gardeners who want quick results or those who plan to use the plants for landscaping or ornamental purposes.

Key Characteristics of Fast-Growing Plumeria Varieties:

• Growth Rate: Fast-growing plumerias can easily add 2+ feet in height per year, especially during the growing season when temperatures are warm and sunlight is plentiful.
• Flowering Time: Due to their rapid growth, these plants may start producing flowers in their first or second year if well cared for.
• Size: These varieties can become quite large in a short amount of time, with some reaching 20 feet or more if planted in the ground.

Example Fast-Growing Cultivars:

• Plumeria rubra (e.g., ‘Leipzig’)
  • Growth Habit: Plumeria rubra cultivars tend to grow quickly with minimal branching. This species is known for its upright growth, and under the right conditions, it can reach up to 2 feet in height per year.
  • Flower Characteristics: Large, vibrant blooms in colors like red, pink, and yellow.
  • Growth Tip: Fast-growing P. rubra varieties can be pruned regularly to encourage branching and create a more full-bodied tree.
• Plumeria ‘Sundown’
  • Growth Habit: This hybrid variety is known for its rapid growth, putting on substantial height and producing abundant flowers in a short time.
  • Flower Characteristics: Orange and yellow blooms with a strong fragrance.
  • Growth Tip: This variety thrives with regular pruning and feeding, making it an ideal choice for growers who want a large, flowering plant quickly.

Why Fast-Growing Plumeria Matter:

• Impatient Growers: If you want a quick garden display or a larger plant in a short amount of time, fast-growing plumeria cultivars are a great choice.
• Landscaping: These plumeria varieties are perfect for creating focal points or hedges where quick results are needed.
• Space Considerations: Keep in mind that fast-growing plumeria may need more space due to their rapid growth and larger size.

2. Slow-Growing Plumeria Varieties: Compact and Manageable

Not all plumeria varieties grow quickly. Some, particularly dwarf and slow-growing cultivars, develop more gradually, putting on only a few inches of growth per year. These varieties are ideal for smaller spaces, container gardening, or patience-driven growers who prefer a more manageable size.

Key Characteristics of Slow-Growing Plumeria Varieties:

• Growth Rate: Slow-growing plumerias typically add only a few inches of height per year, making them more compact and easier to manage.
• Flowering Time: These varieties may take longer to bloom, often requiring 3–4 years of growth before producing flowers.
• Size: Due to their slow growth, these plumerias remain smaller, typically growing to a height of 4–6 feet even after several years.

Example Slow-Growing Cultivars:

• Plumeria ‘Dwarf Yellow’
  • Growth Habit: This cultivar is naturally compact and slow-growing, only reaching about 2–3 feet tall after several years. The small size makes it perfect for small gardens or containers.
  • Flower Characteristics: Bright yellow flowers with a pleasant fragrance.
  • Growth Tip: While this cultivar is slow-growing, regular pruning can help maintain its compact shape and encourage more lateral growth.
• Plumeria ‘Little Nicky’
  • Growth Habit: ‘Little Nicky’ is a dwarf variety that grows slowly and remains under 3 feet tall, making it ideal for small spaces or container growing.
  • Flower Characteristics: Soft pink blooms with a delicate scent.
  • Growth Tip: This variety benefits from occasional pruning to encourage more compact growth and improve branching.

Why Slow-Growing Plumeria Matter:

• Limited Space: If you’re growing plumeria in small spaces or containers, slow-growing varieties are easier to manage and won’t outgrow their space as quickly.
• Low Maintenance: Slow-growing plumerias often require less frequent pruning and can be more forgiving in terms of care.
• Patience: For those who don’t mind waiting for results, slow-growing varieties can be an investment that provides long-term beauty with a slower, more controlled growth rate.

3. Factors Influencing Plumeria Growth Rates

Several factors contribute to how fast or slow a plumeria will grow. Understanding these factors can help you manage your plant’s growth and ensure it thrives in its environment.

Variety and Species Differences:

• Plumeria rubra varieties tend to grow faster than others due to their larger size and vigorous nature. These varieties are often the best choice for those who want quick results.
• Dwarf and hybrid varieties (such as Plumeria ‘Dwarf Yellow’) typically grow slower, remaining smaller and more compact.

Climate and Temperature:

• Warm temperatures and consistent sunlight encourage faster growth. Plumeria plants typically thrive in tropical or subtropical climates, where they can grow rapidly throughout the year.
• In cooler climates, plumeria plants may grow slower due to the shorter growing season and colder temperatures. These conditions can also stunt the growth of slow-growing varieties.

Fertilization:

• Adequate nutrition is key to stimulating faster growth. Plumeria plants that are well-fed with balanced fertilizers will likely grow faster than those that aren’t receiving the right nutrients.
• Fertilizers rich in phosphorus promote flowering, while nitrogen encourages foliage and general growth.

4. A Quick Growth Rate Comparison:

Here’s a quick comparison of growth rates for different plumeria types:

Conclusion: Choosing the Right Plumeria for Your Space and Timeline

Choosing between fast-growing and slow-growing plumerias depends on your timeline and available space. Fast-growing varieties like Plumeria rubra are perfect for quick results, while dwarf or slow-growing cultivars like ‘Dwarf Yellow’ are ideal for those with limited space or a preference for compact growth.

By understanding the factors that influence growth rates and the unique characteristics of each variety, you can choose the plumeria that best suits your garden and care preferences.