How to Treat Stem Canker in Plumeria – Pruning, Sealing & Recovery Monitoring

Stem canker in plumeria is a persistent, localized fungal infection that, if left untreated, can cause branch decline, bud failure, and structural weakness. While it progresses slower than stem rot, stem canker can spread downward or deepen into the branch core, making early removal critical. The goal of treatment is to surgically remove the diseased tissue, dry and disinfect the wound, and protect the site while monitoring for regrowth.

This guide walks you through a safe, effective canker treatment plan for plumeria.

Step-by-Step Stem Canker Treatment Plan

Step 1: Sanitize Your Tools

• Use sharp pruning shears, grafting knives, or a clean blade
• Sterilize tools before and after use with 70% isopropyl alcohol or a 10% bleach solution
• Keep clean towels nearby to blot sap or clean wounds

Step 2: Prune or Shave Back Infected Tissue

• Begin by cutting away the visible lesion or cracking area
• If pruning a branch: cut 2–3 inches below the canker until clean tissue is visible
• If treating without full removal: gently shave or scrape the bark back until no brown or discolored tissue remains underneath

Healthy tissue should be pale, moist, and firm. Stop once all soft, dark, or weeping wood is removed.

Step 3: Let the Cut Dry

• Allow the wound to air dry in shade for 24–48 hours
• Avoid watering the plant during this period
• If lesion was scraped (not fully pruned), keep the area uncovered but dry

Step 4: Apply Protective Sealant or Treatment

✅ Sulfur or Cinnamon Powder

• Dust over the exposed surface as a natural fungicide and drying agent

✅ Waterproof Wood Glue or Grafting Wax

• Apply thinly over the dried wound to seal against re-infection
• Use especially if rain or high humidity is expected

✅ Optional: Copper Fungicide

• Spray lightly around the wound after drying (not while open or wet)
• Repeat every 7–10 days during active infection season

Step 5: Monitor Recovery and Regrowth

• Check every 7–10 days for:
  • New sap flow
  • Color changes or softening
  • Canker spreading beyond original area
• If no worsening after 3–4 weeks, new growth should resume above the treated site

If new buds fail to open or rot returns, consider pruning further or removing the branch entirely.

When to Discard or Reroot

• If the canker affects 50% or more of the branch diameter
• If it reaches the main trunk or central node
• If repeated treatment fails and the lesion spreads despite sealing

In such cases, remove healthy material above the canker and root it as a cutting.

Recommended Tools & Materials

Aftercare and Follow-Up

• Avoid fertilizing until new leaf or branch growth resumes
• Maintain normal watering schedule, avoiding oversaturation
• Keep canopy open for airflow—especially during wet seasons
• Apply preventive copper or neem spray monthly to high-risk areas

Conclusion

Stem canker in plumeria doesn’t need to become a long-term issue. With clean pruning, drying, sealing, and consistent follow-up, you can stop the infection and restore your plumeria to full strength. Keep a close eye on older pruning scars and sun-exposed stems, and act early at the first sign of damage.