Recognizing the germination of Plumeria seeds involves observing specific changes in the seeds and the emergence of seedlings. Here’s how to know if your Plumeria seeds have germinated:

1. Seed Swelling: Initially, you may notice a slight swelling or cracking of the seed coat. This is a sign that the seed is absorbing water and preparing to germinate.
2. Root Emergence: The first visible sign of germination is the emergence of a small white or pale root from the seed. This root is the primary root, also known as the radicle. It will extend downward into the soil.
3. Cotyledon Emergence: Following the root emergence, one or more cotyledons (seed leaves) will appear above the soil surface. Cotyledons are usually green and serve as the initial leaves of the seedling.
4. Leaf Growth: As the seedling continues to grow, it will develop true leaves that are distinct from the cotyledons. These leaves are often shaped like typical Plumeria leaves and have a more mature appearance.
5. Stem Growth: The seedling’s stem will elongate as it grows, eventually forming the characteristic shape of a young Plumeria plant.
6. Color Changes: The cotyledons and true leaves will become greener and more vibrant as the seedling matures.
7. Elevated Seedling: The entire seedling will gradually rise above the soil surface as it continues to grow.

It’s important to be patient during the germination process, as Plumeria seeds may take several weeks to several months to fully germinate and develop into visible seedlings. Providing the right conditions, including warmth, indirect sunlight, and proper moisture levels, will support healthy seedling growth.

Once you observe the emergence of the root and cotyledons, you can be confident that your Plumeria seeds have successfully germinated, and you can continue to care for the seedlings as they grow.